1. In the beginning, when God created the heavens and the earth—

2. and the earth was without form or shape, with darkness over the abyss and a mighty wind sweeping over the waters—

3. Then God said: Let there be light, and there was light.

4. God saw that the light was good. God then separated the light from the darkness.

5. God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” Evening came, and morning followed—the first day.

6. Then God said: Let there be a dome in the middle of the waters, to separate one body of water from the other.

7. God made the dome, and it separated the water below the dome from the water above the dome. And so it happened.

8. God called the dome “the sky.” Evening came, and morning followed—the second day.

9. Then God said: Let the water under the sky be gathered into a single basin, so that the dry land may appear. And so it happened: the water under the sky was gathered into its basin, and the dry land appeared.

10. God called the dry land “earth,” and the basin of water he called “sea.” God saw that it was good.

11. Then God said: Let the earth bring forth vegetation: every kind of plant that bears seed and every kind of fruit tree on earth that bears fruit with its seed in it. And so it happened:

12. the earth brought forth vegetation: every kind of plant that bears seed and every kind of fruit tree that bears fruit with its seed in it. God saw that it was good.

13. Evening came, and morning followed—the third day.

14. Then God said: Let there be lights in the dome of the sky, to separate day from night. Let them mark the fixed times, the days and the years,

15. and serve as luminaries in the dome of the sky, to shed light upon the earth. And so it happened:

16. God made the two great lights, the greater one to govern the day, and the lesser one to govern the night; and he made the stars.

17. God set them in the dome of the sky, to shed light upon the earth,

18. to govern the day and the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. God saw that it was good.

19. Evening came, and morning followed—the fourth day.

20. Then God said: Let the water teem with an abundance of living creatures, and on the earth let birds fly beneath the dome of the sky.

21. God created the great sea monsters and all kinds of crawling living creatures with which the water teems, and all kinds of winged birds. God saw that it was good,

22. and God blessed them, saying: Be fertile, multiply, and fill the water of the seas; and let the birds multiply on the earth.

23. Evening came, and morning followed—the fifth day.

24. Then God said: Let the earth bring forth every kind of living creature: tame animals, crawling things, and every kind of wild animal. And so it happened:

25. God made every kind of wild animal, every kind of tame animal, and every kind of thing that crawls on the ground. God saw that it was good.

26. Then God said: Let us make human beings in our image, after our likeness. Let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, the tame animals, all the wild animals, and all the creatures that crawl on the earth.

27. God created mankind in his image; in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them.

28. God blessed them and God said to them: Be fertile and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it. Have dominion over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, and all the living things that move on the earth.

29. God also said: See, I give you every seed-bearing plant all over the earth and every tree that has seed-bearing fruit on it to be your food;

30. and to all the wild animals, all the birds of the air, and all the living creatures that crawl on the ground, I give all the green plants for food. And so it happened.

31. God looked at everything he had made, and he found it very good. Evening came, and morning followed—the sixth day.

1. Thus the heavens and the earth and all their array were completed.

2. Since on the seventh day God was finished with the work he had been doing, he rested on the seventh day from all the work he had undertaken.

3. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work he had done in creation.

4. Such is the story of the heavens and the earth at their creation. When the Lord God made the earth and the heavens—

5. there was no field shrub on earth and no grass of the field had sprouted, for the Lord God had sent no rain upon the earth and there was no man to till the ground,

6. but a stream was welling up out of the earth and was watering all the surface of the ground—

7. the Lord God formed man out of the clay of the ground and blew into his nostrils the breath of life, and so man became a living being.

8. Then the Lord God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and placed there the man whom he had formed.

9. Out of the ground the Lord God made various trees grow that were delightful to look at and good for food, with the tree of life in the middle of the garden and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.

10. A river rises in Eden to water the garden; beyond there it divides and becomes four branches.

11. The name of the first is the Pishon; it is the one that winds through the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold.

12. The gold of that land is good; bdellium and lapis lazuli are also there.

13. The name of the second river is the Gihon; it is the one that winds all through the land of Cush.

14. The name of the third river is the Tigris; it is the one that flows east of Asshur. The fourth river is the Euphrates.

15. The Lord God then took the man and settled him in the garden of Eden, to cultivate and care for it.

16. The Lord God gave man this order: "You are free to eat from any of the trees of the garden

17. except the tree of knowledge of good and evil. From that tree you shall not eat; the moment you eat from it you are surely doomed to die."

18. The Lord God said: "It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper suited to him."

19. So the Lord God formed out of the ground various wild animals and various birds of the air, and he brought them to the man to see what he would call them; whatever the man called each of them would be its name.

20. The man gave names to all the cattle, all the birds of the air, and all the wild animals; but none proved to be the suitable partner for the man.

21. So the Lord God cast a deep sleep on the man, and while he was asleep, he took out one of his ribs and closed up its place with flesh.

22. The Lord God then built up into a woman the rib that he had taken from the man. When he brought her to the man,

23. the man said: "This one, at last, is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; This one shall be called 'woman,' for out of man this one has been taken."

24. That is why a man leaves his father and mother and clings to his wife, and the two of them become one body.

25. The man and his wife were both naked, yet they felt no shame.

1. Now the serpent was the most cunning of all the animals that the Lord God had made. The serpent asked the woman, “Did God really tell you not to eat from any of the trees in the garden?”

2. The woman answered the serpent: “We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden;

3. it is only about the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden that God said, ‘You shall not eat it or even touch it, or else you will die.’”

4. But the serpent said to the woman: “You certainly will not die!

5. God knows well that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened and you will be like gods, who know good and evil.”

6. The woman saw that the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eyes, and the tree was desirable for gaining wisdom. So she took some of its fruit and ate it; and she also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it.

7. Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized that they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made loincloths for themselves.

8. When they heard the sound of the Lord God walking about in the garden at the breezy time of the day, the man and his wife hid themselves from the Lord God among the trees of the garden.

9. The Lord God then called to the man and asked him: “Where are you?”

10. He answered, “I heard you in the garden; but I was afraid, because I was naked, so I hid.”

11. Then God asked: “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree of which I had forbidden you to eat?”

12. The man replied, “The woman whom you put here with me—she gave me fruit from the tree, so I ate it.”

13. The Lord God then asked the woman: “What is this you have done?” The woman answered, “The serpent tricked me into it, so I ate it.”

14. Then the Lord God said to the serpent: “Because you have done this, you shall be banned from all the animals and from all the wild creatures; On your belly shall you crawl, and dirt shall you eat all the days of your life.

15. I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; He will strike at your head, while you strike at his heel.”

16. To the woman he said: “I will intensify the pangs of your childbearing; in pain shall you bring forth children. Yet your urge shall be for your husband, and he shall rule over you.”

17. To the man he said: “Because you listened to your wife and ate from the tree of which I had forbidden you to eat, “Cursed be the ground because of you! In toil shall you eat its yield all the days of your life.

18. Thorns and thistles shall it bring forth to you, as you eat of the plants of the field.

19. By the sweat of your face shall you get bread to eat, Until you return to the ground, from which you were taken; For you are dirt, and to dirt you shall return.”

20. The man called his wife Eve, because she became the mother of all the living.

21. For the man and his wife the Lord God made leather garments, with which he clothed them.

22. Then the Lord God said: “See! The man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil! Now, what if he also reaches out his hand to take fruit from the tree of life, and eats of it and lives forever?”

23. The Lord God therefore banished him from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from which he had been taken.

24. When he expelled the man, he settled him east of the garden of Eden; and he stationed the cherubim and the fiery revolving sword, to guard the way to the tree of life.

1. Adam knew Eve his wife; she conceived, and bore Cain, saying, "I have produced a man with the help of the LORD."

2. Next she bore his brother Abel. Abel became a keeper of flocks, and Cain a tiller of the soil.

3. In the course of time Cain brought an offering to the LORD from the fruit of the soil,

4. while Abel, for his part, brought one of the best firstlings of his flock. The LORD looked with favor on Abel and his offering,

5. but on Cain and his offering he did not. Cain greatly resented this and was crestfallen.

6. So the LORD said to Cain: "Why are you so resentful and crestfallen?

7. If you do well, you can hold up your head; but if not, sin is a demon lurking at the door: his urge is toward you, yet you can be his master."

8. Cain said to his brother Abel, "Let us go out in the field." When they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him.

9. Then the LORD asked Cain, "Where is your brother Abel?" He answered, "I do not know. Am I my brother's keeper?"

10. The LORD then said: "What have you done! Listen: your brother's blood cries out to me from the soil!

11. Therefore you shall be banned from the soil that opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood from your hand.

12. If you till the soil, it shall no longer give you its produce. You shall become a restless wanderer on the earth."

13. Cain said to the LORD: "My punishment is too great to bear.

14. Since you have now banished me from the soil, and I must avoid your presence and become a restless wanderer on the earth, anyone may kill me at sight."

15. "Not so!" the LORD said to him. "If anyone kills Cain, Cain shall be avenged sevenfold." So the LORD put a mark on Cain, lest anyone should kill him at sight.

16. Cain then left the LORD'S presence and settled in the land of Nod, east of Eden.

17. Cain had relations with his wife, and she conceived and bore Enoch. Cain also became the founder of a city, which he named after his son Enoch.

18. To Enoch was born Irad, and Irad became the father of Mehujael; Mehujael became the father of Methusael, and Methusael became the father of Lamech.

19. Lamech took two wives; the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other Zillah.

20. Adah gave birth to Jabal, the ancestor of all who dwell in tents and keep livestock.

21. His brother's name was Jubal; he was the ancestor of all who play the lyre and the pipe.

22. Zillah, on her part, gave birth to Tubalcain, the ancestor of all who forge instruments of bronze and iron. The sister of Tubalcain was Naamah.

23. Lamech said to his wives: "Adah and Zillah, hear my voice; wives of Lamech, listen to my utterance: I have killed a man for wounding me, a boy for bruising me.

24. If Cain is avenged sevenfold, then Lamech seventy-sevenfold."

25. Adam again had relations with his wife, and she gave birth to a son whom she called Seth. "God has granted me more offspring in place of Abel," she said, "because Cain slew him."

26. To Seth, in turn, a son was born, and he named him Enosh. At that time people began to invoke the LORD by name.

1. This is the record of the descendants of Adam. When God created human beings, he made them in the likeness of God;

2. he created them male and female. When they were created, he blessed them and named them “man.”

3. Adam was one hundred and thirty years old when he begot a son in his likeness, after his image; and he named him Seth.

4. Adam lived eight hundred years after the birth of Seth, and he had other sons and daughters.

5. The whole lifetime of Adam was nine hundred and thirty years; then he died.

6. Seth was one hundred and five years old when he begot Enosh.

7. Seth lived eight hundred and seven years after the birth of Enosh, and he had other sons and daughters.

8. The whole lifetime of Seth was nine hundred and twelve years; then he died.

9. Enosh was ninety years old when he begot Kenan.

10. Enosh lived eight hundred and fifteen years after the birth of Kenan, and he had other sons and daughters.

11. The whole lifetime of Enosh was nine hundred and five years; then he died.

12. Kenan was seventy years old when he begot Mahalalel.

13. Kenan lived eight hundred and forty years after the birth of Mahalalel, and he had other sons and daughters.

14. The whole lifetime of Kenan was nine hundred and ten years; then he died.

15. Mahalalel was sixty-five years old when he begot Jared.

16. Mahalalel lived eight hundred and thirty years after the birth of Jared, and he had other sons and daughters.

17. The whole lifetime of Mahalalel was eight hundred and ninety-five years; then he died.

18. Jared was a hundred and sixty-two years old when he begot Enoch.

19. Jared lived eight hundred years after the birth of Enoch, and he had other sons and daughters.

20. The whole lifetime of Jared was nine hundred and sixty-two years; then he died.

21. Enoch was sixty-five years old when he begot Methuselah.

22. Enoch walked with God after the birth of Methuselah for three hundred years, and he had other sons and daughters.

23. The whole lifetime of Enoch was three hundred and sixty-five years.

24. Enoch walked with God, and he was no longer here, for God took him.

25. Methuselah was a hundred and eighty-seven years old when he begot Lamech.

26. Methuselah lived seven hundred and eighty-two years after the birth of Lamech, and he had other sons and daughters.

27. The whole lifetime of Methuselah was nine hundred and sixty-nine years; then he died.

28. Lamech was a hundred and eighty-two years old when he begot a son.

29. He named him Noah, saying, “Out of the very ground that the Lord has put under a curse, this one shall bring us relief from our work and the toil of our hands.”

30. Lamech lived five hundred and ninety-five years after the birth of Noah, and he had other sons and daughters.

31. The whole lifetime of Lamech was seven hundred and seventy-seven years; then he died.

32. When Noah was five hundred years old, he became the father of Shem, Ham, and Japheth.

1. When human beings began to grow numerous on the earth and daughters were born to them,

2. the sons of God saw how beautiful the daughters of human beings were, and so they took for their wives whomever they pleased.

3. Then the Lord said: My spirit shall not remain in human beings forever, because they are only flesh. Their days shall comprise one hundred and twenty years.

4. The Nephilim appeared on earth in those days, as well as later, after the sons of God had intercourse with the daughters of human beings, who bore them sons. They were the heroes of old, the men of renown.

5. When the Lord saw how great the wickedness of human beings was on earth, and how every desire that their heart conceived was always nothing but evil,

6. the Lord regretted making human beings on the earth, and his heart was grieved.

7. So the Lord said: I will wipe out from the earth the human beings I have created, and not only the human beings, but also the animals and the crawling things and the birds of the air, for I regret that I made them.

8. But Noah found favor with the Lord.

9. These are the descendants of Noah. Noah, a good man and blameless in that age, he walked with God.

10. Noah begot three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth.

11. Now the earth was corrupt in the view of God and full of lawlessness.

12. When God saw how corrupt the earth had become, since all mortals led depraved lives on earth,

13. he said to Noah: I have decided to put an end to all mortals on earth; the earth is full of lawlessness because of them. So I will destroy them and all life on earth.

14. Make yourself an ark of gopherwood, put various compartments in it, and cover it inside and out with pitch.

15. This is how you are to build it: the length of the ark will be three hundred cubits, its width fifty cubits, and its height thirty cubits.

16. Make an opening for daylight in the ark, and finish the ark a cubit above it. Put an entrance in the side of the ark, which you will make with bottom, second, and third decks.

17. I, on my part, am about to bring the floodwaters on the earth, to destroy all creatures under the sky in which there is the breath of life; everything on earth shall perish.

18. But I will establish my covenant with you, and you shall enter the ark, you and your sons, your wife and your sons’ wives.

19. Of all other living creatures you shall bring two into the ark, one male and one female, that you may keep them alive with you.

20. Of all kinds of birds, of all kinds of animals, and of all kinds of creeping things, two of each shall come into the ark with you, to stay alive.

21. Moreover, you are to provide yourself with all the food that is to be eaten, and store it away, that it may serve as provisions for you and for them.

22. Noah complied, just as the Lord had commanded him.

1. Then the Lord said to Noah: Go into the ark, you and all your household, for you alone in this age have I found to be truly just.

2. Of every clean animal, take with you seven pairs, a male and its mate; and of the unclean animals, one pair, a male and its mate;

3. likewise, of every clean bird of the air, seven pairs, a male and a female, and of all the unclean birds, one pair, a male and a female. Thus you will keep their issue alive over all the earth.

4. Seven days from now I will bring rain down on the earth for forty days and forty nights, and so I will wipe out from the surface of the earth every moving creature that I have made.

5. Noah did just as the Lord had commanded him.

6. Noah was six hundred years old when the flood waters came upon the earth.

7. Together with his sons, his wife, and his sons’ wives, Noah went into the ark because of the waters of the flood.

8. Of the clean animals and the unclean, of the birds, and of everything that crawls on the ground,

9. two by two, male and female, came to Noah into the ark, just as the Lord had commanded him.

10. And after the seven days the floodwaters came upon the earth.

11. In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month: it was on that day that all the fountains of the great abyss burst forth, and the floodgates of the sky were opened.

12. For forty days and forty nights heavy rain poured down on the earth.

13. On the very same day Noah and his sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and Noah’s wife and the three wives of his sons, entered the ark,

14. together with every kind of wild beast, every kind of tame beast, every kind of reptile that crawls on the earth, and every kind of bird.

15. They came to Noah into the ark, two by two, of all flesh in which there was the breath of life.

16. Those that entered were male and female, and of all species they came, as God had commanded Noah. Then the Lord shut him in and sealed the door behind him.

17. The flood continued upon the earth for forty days. As the waters increased, they lifted the ark, so that it rose above the earth.

18. The swelling waters increased greatly, but the ark floated on the surface of the waters.

19. Higher and higher above the earth rose the waters, until all the highest mountains everywhere were submerged,

20. the crest rising fifteen cubits higher than the submerged mountains.

21. All creatures that stirred on earth perished: birds, cattle, wild animals, and all that swarmed on the earth, as well as all humankind.

22. Everything on dry land with the faintest breath of life in its nostrils died.

23. The Lord wiped out every being on earth: human beings and animals, the crawling creatures and the birds of the air; all were wiped out from the earth. Only Noah and those with him in the ark were left.

24. The waters maintained their crest over the earth for one hundred and fifty days.

1. But God remembered Noah and all the wild animals and all the domestic animals that were with him in the ark. And God made a wind blow over the earth, and the waters subsided;

2. the fountains of the deep and the windows of the heavens were closed, the rain from the heavens was restrained,

3. and the waters gradually receded from the earth. At the end of one hundred and fifty days the waters had abated;

4. and in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, the ark came to rest on the mountains of Ararat.

5. The waters continued to diminish until the tenth month, and on the first day of the tenth month the tops of the mountains appeared.

6. At the end of forty days Noah opened the window of the ark that he had made

7. and sent out the raven; it went to and fro until the waters were dried up from the earth.

8. Then he sent out the dove from him, to see if the waters had subsided from the face of the ground;

9. but the dove found no place to set its foot, and it returned to him to the ark, for the waters were still on the face of the whole earth. So he put out his hand and took it and brought it into the ark with him.

10. He waited another seven days, and again he sent out the dove from the ark;

11. and the dove came back to him in the evening, and there in its beak was a freshly plucked olive leaf; so Noah knew that the waters had subsided from the earth.

12. Then he waited another seven days, and sent out the dove; and it did not return to him anymore.

13. In the six hundred and first year, in the first month, on the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from the earth; and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and saw that the face of the ground was drying.

14. In the second month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month, the earth was dry.

15. Then God said to Noah,

16. "Go out of the ark, together with your wife and your sons and your sons' wives.

17. Bring out with you every living thing that is with you—all flesh, birds and animals, and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth—so that they may abound on the earth, and be fruitful and multiply on the earth."

18. So Noah went out with his sons and his wife and his sons' wives.

19. Every animal, every creeping thing, and every bird, everything that moves on the earth, went out of the ark by families.

20. Then Noah built an altar to the Lord, and took of every clean animal and of every clean bird, and offered burnt offerings on the altar.

21. And when the Lord smelled the pleasing odor, the Lord said in his heart, "I will never again curse the ground because of humankind, for the inclination of the human heart is evil from youth; nor will I ever again destroy every living creature as I have done.

22. As long as the earth endures, seedtime and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, day and night, shall not cease."

1. God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them: "Be fertile and multiply and fill the earth.

2. Fear and dread of you shall come upon all the animals of the earth and all the birds of the air, upon all the creatures that move about on the ground and all the fishes of the sea; into your power they are delivered.

3. Every creature that is alive shall be yours to eat; I give them all to you as I did the green plants.

4. Only flesh with its lifeblood still in it you shall not eat.

5. For your own lifeblood, too, I will demand an accounting: from every animal I will demand it, and from a human being, each one for the blood of another, I will demand an accounting for human life.

6. If anyone sheds the blood of a human being, by a human being shall that one’s blood be shed; For in the image of God have human beings been made.

7. Be fertile, then, and multiply; abound on earth and subdue it."

8. God said to Noah and to his sons with him:

9. "See, I am now establishing my covenant with you and your descendants after you

10. and with every living creature that was with you: all the birds, and the various tame and wild animals that were with you and came out of the ark.

11. I will establish my covenant with you, that never again shall all bodily creatures be destroyed by the waters of a flood; there shall not be another flood to devastate the earth."

12. God added: "This is the sign that I am giving for all ages to come, of the covenant between me and you and every living creature with you:

13. I set my bow in the clouds to serve as a sign of the covenant between me and the earth.

14. When I bring clouds over the earth, and the bow appears in the clouds,

15. I will recall the covenant I have made between me and you and all living beings, so that the waters shall never again become a flood to destroy all mortal beings.

16. As the bow appears in the clouds, I will see it and recall the everlasting covenant that I have established between God and all living beings—every mortal creature that is on earth."

17. God told Noah: "This is the sign of the covenant I have established between me and all mortal creatures that are on earth."

18. The sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth; Ham was the father of Canaan.

19. These three were the sons of Noah, and from them the whole earth was peopled.

20. Noah, a man of the soil, was the first to plant a vineyard.

21. He drank some of the wine, became drunk, and lay naked inside his tent.

22. Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father’s nakedness, and he told his two brothers outside about it.

23. Shem and Japheth, however, took a robe, and holding it on their shoulders, they walked backward and covered their father’s nakedness; since their faces were turned the other way, they did not see their father’s nakedness.

24. When Noah woke up from his drunkenness and learned what his youngest son had done to him,

25. he said: "Cursed be Caʹnaan! The lowest slave shall he be to his brothers."

26. He also said: "Blessed be the LORD, the God of Shem! Let Canaan be his slave.

27. May God expand Japheth, so that he dwells among the tents of Shem; and let Canaan be his slave."

28. Noah lived three hundred and fifty years after the flood.

29. The whole lifetime of Noah was nine hundred and fifty years; then he died.

1. These are the descendants of Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, to whom sons were born after the flood.

2. The descendants of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

3. The descendants of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.

4. The descendants of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittim, and the Rodanim.

5. From these the maritime nations branched out. [These are the descendants of Japheth according to their lands, each with its own language, by their families within their nations.]

6. The descendants of Ham: Cush, Egypt, Put, and Canaan.

7. The descendants of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. The descendants of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.

8. Cush became the father of Nimrod, who was the first potentate on earth.

9. He was a mighty hunter by the grace of the Lord; hence the saying, “Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter by the grace of the Lord.”

10. His kingdom began with Babylon, Erech, and Accad, all of them in the land of Shinar.

11. From that land he went forth to Assyria, where he built Nineveh, Rehoboth-Ir, Calah,

12. and Resen between Nineveh and Calah, the latter being the principal city.

13. Egypt became the father of Ludim, Anamim, Lehabim, Naphtuhim,

14. Pathrusim, Casluhim, and Caphtorim, from whom the Philistines sprang.

15. Canaan became the father of Sidon, his firstborn, and of Heth;

16. also of the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites,

17. the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites,

18. the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites. Afterward, the clans of the Canaanites spread out,

19. so that the Canaanite borders extended from Sidon all the way to Gerar, near Gaza, and all the way to Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, near Lasha.

20. These are the descendants of Ham according to their clans and languages, by their lands and nations.

21. Sons were also born to Shem, ancestor of all the descendants of Eber and elder brother of Japheth.

22. The descendants of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.

23. The descendants of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.

24. Arpachshad became the father of Shelah, and Shelah became the father of Eber.

25. To Eber two sons were born: the name of the first was Peleg, because in his time the earth was divided; and the name of his brother was Joktan.

26. Joktan became the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,

27. Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,

28. Obal, Abimael, Sheba,

29. Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were descendants of Joktan.

30. Their settlements extended all the way from Mesha to Sephar, the eastern hill country.

31. These are the descendants of Shem, according to their clans and languages, by their lands and nations.

32. Such are the groupings of Noah’s descendants, according to their origins, by their nations. From these the other nations of the earth branched out after the flood.